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Les Déterminants
Les Déterminants
1. Définition
• Cats love milk.
• A pig/many pigs.
Plusieurs informations relatives à la quantité.
Générique/Spécifique
• I find slugs disgusting. → toutes les limaces : emploi générique
• I just saw a slug. → un nombre limité : emploi spécifique
• Those slugs in your garden are distusting. → emploi défini
Indéfini/Défini
• Give me a chocolate cookie → indéfini
• Give me the chocolate cookie on the top left corner → défini
Ordre des déterminants
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1) Pré-déterminants
All, both, half, such...
Ex : All their problems disappeared when they moved to Ireland.
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2) Déterminants centraux
A(n), the, Ø, possessifs, démonstratifs, no, every, each, either, neither, some, any, enough
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3) Post-déterminants
3a. Ordinaux (1st, 2nd,...) last, other, past, next...
Ex : The next players are entering the pitch.
3b. Quantifieurs (sauf ceux cités en 2)
Syntaxe
= 1 + 2 + 3a / 3b + autres éléments + Nom
Both the young woman were succesful.
The last two loyal customers had to leave the shop.
2. Les articles : Ø, A/An, THE
Tableau (dénombrable singulier, dénombrable pluriel, indénombrable,...)
Précisions :
• Il est vétérinaire : He is a vet.
• Such a man
Such Ø beautiful hats.
Such Ø news !
• He was such a coward that he ran away.
He was such a coward as to run away.
THE
• Don't write on the desk please.
• I was at the university when it started to snow.
• I bought peaches and butter yesterday. The peaches were delicious.
• The peaches I bought yesterday were delicious.
• Our neighbours have bought a new car. The seats are very comfortable.
3. Les (adjectifs) démonstratifs : this, these, that, those
• This town needs a new mayor.
• These days : de nos jours
• In those days: en ce temps là
• That woman ! She's horrible ! → marque le rejet, la distance
• And then, out of nowhere, there was this guy coming down the street ! → généralement oral
Traduire « celui de/ceux de »
Abstrait :
That of (in / from / at)
Those of (in / from / at)
Ex : I prefer the taste of burgundy to that of claret.
Concret :
The one(s) in / from / at
Ex : My car is bigger than the one in this garage.
4. Les adjectifs possessifs : my, your, his, her...
• Adjectif possessif : This is my doll.
• Pronom possessif : This is mine.
• His table / His clothers / His milk / His luggage
• It's important to give one's opinion.
• Somebody has forgotten a book.
• Somebody has forgotten their book. → on ne sait pas si « somebody » est pluriel ou singulier
→ Somebody has/does → 3e personne singulier !
• She waved her hand : elle agita la main.
• He was shot in the eye.
• He shot her in the leg.
• The sisters came in their car. → une seule voiture
• The sisters came in their cars. → une voiture chacune
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