Les Déterminants

02.02.2013

Les Déterminants

1. Définition

• Cats love milk.

• A pig/many pigs.

Plusieurs informations relatives à la quantité.

Générique/Spécifique

• I find slugs disgusting. → toutes les limaces : emploi générique

• I just saw a slug. → un nombre limité : emploi spécifique

• Those slugs in your garden are distusting. → emploi défini

Indéfini/Défini

• Give me a chocolate cookie → indéfini

• Give me the chocolate cookie on the top left corner → défini

Ordre des déterminants

1) Pré-déterminants

All, both, half, such...

Ex : All their problems disappeared when they moved to Ireland.
2) Déterminants centraux

A(n), the, Ø, possessifs, démonstratifs, no, every, each, either, neither, some, any, enough
3) Post-déterminants

3a. Ordinaux (1^st, 2^nd,...) last, other, past, next...

Ex : The next players are entering the pitch.

3b. Quantifieurs (sauf ceux cités en 2)

Syntaxe

= 1 + 2 + 3a / 3b + autres éléments + Nom

Both the young woman were succesful.

The last two loyal customers had to leave the shop.

2. Les articles : Ø, A/An, THE

Tableau (dénombrable singulier, dénombrable pluriel, indénombrable,...)

Précisions :

• Il est vétérinaire : He is a vet.

• Such a man

Such Ø beautiful hats.

Such Ø news !

• He was such a coward that he ran away.

He was such a coward as to run away.

THE

• Don't write on the desk please.

• I was at the university when it started to snow.

• I bought peaches and butter yesterday. The peaches were delicious.

• The peaches I bought yesterday were delicious.

• Our neighbours have bought a new car. The seats are very comfortable.

3. Les (adjectifs) démonstratifs : this, these, that, those

• This town needs a new mayor.

• These days : de nos jours

• In those days: en ce temps là

• That woman ! She's horrible ! → marque le rejet, la distance

• And then, out of nowhere, there was this guy coming down the street ! → généralement oral

Traduire « celui de/ceux de »

Abstrait :

That of (in / from / at)

Those of (in / from / at)

Ex : I prefer the taste of burgundy to that of claret.

Concret :

The one(s) in / from / at

Ex : My car is bigger than the one in this garage.

4. Les adjectifs possessifs : my, your, his, her...

• Adjectif possessif : This is my doll.

• Pronom possessif : This is mine.

• His table / His clothers / His milk / His luggage

• It's important to give one's opinion.

• Somebody has forgotten a book.

• Somebody has forgotten their book. → on ne sait pas si « somebody » est pluriel ou singulier

→ Somebody has/does → 3e personne singulier !

• She waved her hand : elle agita la main.

• He was shot in the eye.

• He shot her in the leg.

• The sisters came in their car. → une seule voiture

• The sisters came in their cars. → une voiture chacune